Development status of China's lead-acid battery industry in 2019

The battery manufacturing industry in China is a traditional industry as well as an important part of the new energy industry. It is closely related to multiple strategic emerging industries e.g. new energy vehicles, renewable energy, modern electronic information, new materials, and equipment manufacturing. Battery manufacturing is also the most important basic industry in China's national economic construction, which is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood and the foundation of building a well-off society. Battery products adapt to development of the national economy in China's new situation, safeguard the needs of national defense strategy, and have wide range of applications and play very important role in meeting the diverse needs of the public's work and living consumption. Batteries include physical and chemical batteries. A physical battery is a device that directly converts solar energy, thermal energy, or nuclear energy into DC power using physical effects, such as solar cell, thermoelectric generator, and nuclear battery. A chemical battery is a device that directly converts chemical energy into DC power, such as lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, etc. Among batteries, chemical battery is the most important type. Chemical batteries are classified into primary batteries and secondary batteries according to the ability of recycling. Among them, the primary battery is a battery of active materials that can only be used once, also known as primary batteries, e.g. zinc-manganese batteries, and alkaline manganese batteries; secondary batteries can be rechargeable and recyclable, also known as storage batteries. The storage battery uses the active substance in the battery to output current when a chemical reaction occurs in the discharged state, and a reverse chemical reaction occurs in the charged state to store electrical energy.

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Today's battery technology supports future energy changes

In the world today, environmental and energy issues are becoming increasingly prominent. Countries around the world are pursuing energy conservation, emission reduction, and the development of renewable energy such as wind and solar energy. Batteries are hailed as key link in new round of energy reform in the future, and also supporting technology for the development of clean energy power and energy storage industries. They will all play great roles in automobiles, electric vehicles, consumer electronics, new energy grid connection, intelligent power grids, microgrids, and distributed energy systems, home energy storage systems, power supply projects in areas without electricity, energy Internet, and even future energy security. According to the official information of Guangzhou Pazhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, the Grandeur Exhibition Group Guangzhou Shuoxin Exhibition Co., Ltd. holds GBFASIA 2016 Asia-Pacific Battery Show on September 26~28 to fit in with the domestic government's planning requirements for the development of new energy industries, and two exhibition halls are planned. A top event in the field of batteries and energy will be presented by more than 25,000 industry professionals and top technical talents.

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Characteristics of Solar Energy Gel Battery

Solar energy gel batteries are the application of "batteries" in solar photovoltaic power generation. Currently, there are four types: lead-acid maintenance-free batteries, ordinary lead-acid batteries, gel batteries, and alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries. The solar cells currently widely used in China are mainly lead-acid maintenance-free batteries and gel batteries.

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Reasons leading to explosion of lead-acid batteries

The explosion of lead-acid batteries is generally caused by improper use. There are many reasons leading to explosion of lead-acid batteries. The reasons for the explosion of lead-acid batteries are detailed below.

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Advantages and disadvantages of lead-acid batteries

A storage battery (commonly known as a "battery") is a reversible, low-voltage DC power source that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy as well as electrical energy into chemical energy. The auto-used battery must be able to meet the power supply demand at the start of engine, i.e. supply strong current to the starter in a short time (5s~10s) (generally 200A to 600A for gasoline engines, and up to 10,000A for diesel engines). Therefore, lead batteries for automobiles are also called starter batteries. Lead-acid batteries supply power in parallel with automobile generator.

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Overview of market demand for lead-acid batteries

As chemical power source with the longest history of use, lead-acid batteries enjoy enduring popularity and are widely used in backup power batteries e.g. telecommunications, power systems, computer systems and automation control systems, and emergency lighting, starter battery fields e.g. new energy and energy storage batteries, automobiles, ships, motorcycle, tank, tractor, and diesel engine, and power battery fields including electric bicycles, electric vehicles, electric tricycles, electric forklifts and golf carts.

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Effect of temperature on charging

The battery operates in high-temperature seasons, with main problem of overcharging. When the battery temperature increases, the activity of each active material increases, and once the positive oxygen evolution potential drops, the negative oxygen evolution potential also drops (negative value decreases). Therefore, the charging reaction speed is fast during charging, the charging current is large, and the charging voltage required during charging is low. In order to prevent excessive charging voltage, the battery temperature should be minimized to ensure good heat dissipation, prevent charging immediately after exposure to sun, and keep away from heat sources.

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Charging and discharging of batteries

The termination voltage at different discharge currents must not exceed the specified value. Charge the battery immediately after being fully or partially discharged. For optimum service life, the battery discharge depth is recommended not to exceed 60% of the rated capacity. Discharge of more than 60% is termed as deep discharge, which will shorten the battery life.

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Possible Faults occurred to Battery

Power supply is the power for supplying electrical energy to construction machinery. Generally, construction machinery is equipped with two sets of power supply equipment: namely the battery and generator and regulator. Two sets of power supply equipment: The battery is the top power supply equipment used to supply power to the electrical equipment of construction machinery when the initiator is not operating. It is characterized by supplying large current. For example, when the initiator is started, the electrical energy required by the initiator is supplied by the battery.

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History of battery development

Storage battery is a kind of chemical "power source" widely used in the world. It has advantages of stable voltage, safety and reliability, low price, wide application range, abundant raw materials and high recycling rate. Storage battery is the most widely used battery with the largest output in the world.

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General Knowledge on Battery Use

1. Prevent overdischarge.After the battery is discharged to the termination voltage, any continued discharge is called overdischarge. Overdischarge can seriously damage the battery, which is extremely detrimental to the electrical performance and cycle life of battery.

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Factors affecting battery life

Ambient temperature has greater impact on the battery. Over-high ambient temperature can cause battery to overcharge and generate gas, and over-low ambient temperature can cause undercharge of battery, both of which can affect the battery life. Therefore, the ambient temperature is generally required to be about 25°C, and the UPS floating charge voltage value is also set according to this temperature. In practical applications, battery is generally charged in the range of 5°C~35°C. Temperatures below 5°C or above 35°C will greatly reduce the battery capacity and shorten the battery life.

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UPS battery selection method

The selection and design of UPS batteries for data center must fully take into account the characteristics and development trends of modern data centers, and meet the following criteria: short-term constant power output characteristics outstanding short-term (generally ≤30min) constant power output characteristics. This implies that the battery capacity can be reduced while meeting the same load backup time requirements, then the battery cost can be minimized.

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